APPENDIX TO 43: ACOUSTICS
The detailed headings of this Appendix correspond to the scheme
used by the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.
43.05.-k Acoustical Society of America
(in PACS, see also 01.10.H)
43.05.Bp Constitution and bylaws
43.05.Dr History
43.05.Ft Honorary members
43.05.Gv Publications
43.05.Hw Meetings
43.05.Ky Members and membership lists, personal notes, fellows
43.05.Ma Administrative committee activities
43.05.Nb Technical committee activities; Technical Council
43.05.Pc Prizes, medals, and other awards
43.05.Re Regional chapters
43.05.Sf Obituaries
43.10.-a General
43.10.Ce Conferences, lectures, and announcements (not of the Acoustical
Society of America)
(in PACS, see also 01.10.C and 01.10.F)
43.10.Df Other acoustical societies
43.10.Eg Biographical, historical, and personal notes (not of the
Acoustical Society of America)
(in PACS, see also 01.60)
43.10.Gi Editorials
43.10.Hj Books and book reviews
(in PACS, see also 01.30)
43.10.Jk Bibliographies
(in PACS, see also 01.30.T)
43.10.Km Patents
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers; historical and philosophical
literature
(in PACS, see also 01.30.R, 01.65, and 01.70)
43.10.Nq Nonacoustical theories
43.10.Pr Nonacoustical devices
43.10.Qs Notes on general acoustics
43.10.Sv Education in acoustics
(in PACS, see also 01.40, 01.50)
43.10.Vx Errata
43.15.+s Standards
(in PACS, see also 06.20.F)
43.20.-f General linear acoustics
43.20.Bi Mathematical theory of wave propagation
(see also 43.40.A)
43.20.Dk Ray acoustics
43.20.Fn Reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, and scattering
of acoustic waves
(see also 43.30.E to 43.30.H)
43.20.Gp Reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, and scattering
of elastic and poroelastic waves
43.20.Hq Velocity and attenuation of acoustic waves
(see also 43.30.B, C, E and 43.35.A, B, C)
43.20.Jr Velocity and attenuation of elastic and poroelastic waves
43.20.Ks Standing waves, resonance, normal modes
(see also 43.25.G, 43.40.A, and 43.55.B)
43.20.Mv Waveguides, wave propagation in tubes and ducts
43.20.Px Transient radiation and scattering
43.20.Rz Steady-state radiation from sources, impedance, radiation
patterns
(see also 43.28.H and 43.30.J)
43.20.Tb Interaction of vibrating structures with surrounding medium
(see also 43.40.R)
43.20.Wd Analogies
43.20.Ye Measurement methods and instrumentation
(see also 43.58)
43.25.-x Nonlinear acoustics, macrosonics
43.25.Ba Parameters of nonlinearity of the medium
43.25.Cb Macrosonic propagation, finite amplitude sound; shock waves
(see also 43.28.M and 43.30.L)
43.25.Dc Nonlinear acoustics of solids
43.25.Ed Effect of nonlinearity on velocity and attenuation
43.25.Fe Effect of nonlinearity on acoustic surface waves
43.25.Gf Standing waves; resonance
(see also 43.20.K)
43.25.Hg Interaction of intense sound waves with noise
43.25.Jh Reflection, refraction, interference, scattering, and diffraction
of intense sound waves
(see also 43.30.L and 43.20.F)
43.25.Lj Parametric arrays, interaction of sound with sound, virtual
sources
(see also 43.30.L)
43.25.Nm Acoustic streaming
43.25.Qp Radiation pressure
(see also 43.58.P)
43.25.Rq Solitons, chaos
43.25.Ts Nonlinear acoustical and dynamical systems
43.25.Uv Acoustic levitation
43.25.Vt Intense sound sources
43.25.Yw Acoustic cavitation, vibration of gas bubbles in liquids
43.25.Zx Measurement methods and instrumentation for nonlinear acoustics
(see also 43.58)
43.28.-g Aeroacoustics, atmospheric sound
43.28.Bj Sounds in the atmosphere, speed in air, acoustic-gravity waves,
Doppler effect
43.28.Dm Infrasound
43.28.En Acoustic impedance of ground, vegetation, snow, ice
43.28.Fp Outdoor sound propagation, topographical and meteorological
factors, and atmospheric turbulence
43.28.Gq Normal mode propagation
43.28.Hr Outdoor sound sources
(see also 43.50.L, N, S)
43.28.Kt Aerothermoacoustics
43.28.Mw Shock and blast waves, sonic boom
(see also 43.25.C and 43.50.P)
43.28.Py Interaction of fluid motion and sound
43.28.Ra Generation of sound by fluid flow, aerodynamic sound, turbulence
(see also 43.30.N and 43.50.E, N)
43.28.Tc Measurement methods and instrumentation using sound in air for
location, navigation, altimetry, sound ranging
(see also 43.30.V and 43.58)
43.28.Vd Measurement methods and instrumentation to determine winds, wind
shears, turbulence parameters, temperatures, and pollutants in
air
(see also 43.58)
43.28.We Measurements at high altitudes, environment-dependent corrections
for acoustical parameters
(see also 43.58)
43.30.-k Underwater sound
43.30.Bp Normal mode propagation of sound in water
43.30.Cq Ray propagation of sound in water
43.30.Dr Hybrid and asymptotic propagation theories, related experiments
43.30.Es Velocity, attenuation, refraction, and diffraction in water,
Doppler effect
43.30.Ft Volume scattering
43.30.Gv Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to
combinations of boundaries
43.30.Hw Rough interface scattering
43.30.Jx Radiation from objects vibrating under water, acoustic and
mechanical impedance
(see also 43.58.B)
43.30.Ky Structures and materials for absorbing sound in water;
propagation in fluid-filled permeable material
43.30.Lz Underwater applications of nonlinear acoustics; explosions
(see also 43.25.C, L)
43.30.Ma Acoustics of sediments; ice covers, viscoelastic media; seismic
underwater acoustics
43.30.Nb Noise in water; generation mechanisms and characteristics of the
field
(see also 43.50.N and 43.28.R)
43.30.Pc Ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods; remote sensing;
imaging, inversion, acoustic tomography
43.30.Qd Global scale acoustics; ocean basin thermometry, transbasin
acoustics
43.30.Re Signal coherence or fluctuation due to sound
propagation/scattering in the ocean
43.30.Sf Acoustical detection of marine life; passive and active
43.30.Tg Navigational instruments using underwater sound
43.30.Vh Active sonar systems
43.30.Wi Passive sonar systems and algorithms, matched field processing
(see also 43.60.G)
43.30.Xm Underwater measurement and calibration instrumentation and
procedures
(see also 43.58)
43.30.Yj Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound;
transducer calibration
(see also 43.58.V)
43.30.Zk Experimental modeling
43.35.-c Ultrasonics, quantum acoustics, and physical effects of sound
43.35.Ae Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and
attenuation in gases
43.35.Bf Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and
attenuation in liquids, liquid crystals, suspensions, and
emulsions
(see also 43.30.E to H)
43.35.Cg Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and
attenuation in solids; elastic constants
(see also 43.20.G, J)
43.35.Dh Pretersonics (sound of frequency above 10[supon]10[supoff] Hz);
Brillouin scattering
43.35.Ei Acoustic cavitation in liquids
(see also 43.30.N)
43.35.Fj Ultrasonic relaxation processes in gases, liquids, and solids
43.35.Gk Phonons in crystal lattices, quantum acoustics
(in PACS, see also 63.20)
43.35.Kp Plasma acoustics
(in PACS, see also 52.35.D)
43.35.Lq Low-temperature acoustics, sound in liquid helium
(in PACS, see also 67.40.M)
43.35.Mr Acoustics of viscoelastic materials
43.35.Ns Acoustical properties of thin films
(in PACS, see also 68.60.B)
43.35.Pt Surface waves in solids and liquids
(in PACS, see also 68.35.G and 68.45.N)
43.35.Rw Magnetoacoustic effect; oscillations and resonance
(in PACS, see also 75.80 and 72.55)
43.35.Sx Acoustooptical effects, optoacoustics, acoustical visualization,
acoustical microscopy, and acoustical holography
(see also 43.60.G, S; in PACS, see also 78.20.H)
43.35.Ty Other physical effects of sound
43.35.Ud Thermoacoustics, high temperature acoustics, photoacoustic effect
43.35.Vz Chemical effects of ultrasound
43.35.Wa Biological effects of ultrasound, ultrasonic tomography
(see also 43.40.N and 43.80.G, J, S)
43.35.Xd Nuclear acoustical resonance, acoustical magnetic resonance
43.35.Yb Ultrasonic instrumentation and measurement techniques
(see also 43.58)
43.35.Zc Use of ultrasonics in nondestructive testing, industrial
processes, and industrial products
43.38.-p Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and
reproduction of sound
43.38.Ar Transducing principles, materials, and structures: general
(see also 43.30.Y and 43.40.Y)
43.38.Bs Electrostatic transducers
43.38.Ct Magnetostrictive transducers
43.38.Dv Electromagnetic and electrodynamic transducers
43.38.Ew Feedback transducers
43.38.Fx Piezoelectric and ferroelectric transducers
43.38.Gy Semiconductor transducers
43.38.Hz Transducer arrays, acoustic interaction effects in arrays
(see also 43.30.Y)
43.38.Ja Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources
(see also 43.20.R and 43.38.T)
43.38.Kb Microphones and their calibration
(see also 43.30.Y and 43.40.Y)
43.38.Lc Amplifiers, attenuators, and audio controls
43.38.Md Sound recording and reproducing systems, general concepts
43.38.Ne Mechanical, optical, and photographic recording and reproducing
systems
43.38.Pf Hydroacoustic and hydraulic transducers
43.38.Qg Magnetic and electrostatic recording and reproducing systems
43.38.Rh Surface acoustic wave transducers
(see also 43.25.F and 43.35.P)
43.38.Si Telephones, earphones, sound power telephones, and
intercommunication systems
43.38.Tj Public address systems, sound-reinforcement systems
(see also 43.55.J)
43.38.Vk Stereophonic reproduction
43.38.Wl Broadcasting (radio and television)
43.38.Xm Subjective rating of audio transducers
43.38.Yn Impulse transducers
43.38.Zp Acoustooptic and photoacoustic transducers
(see also 43.35.S)
43.40.-r Structural acoustics and vibration
43.40.At Experimental and theoretical studies of vibrating systems
(see also 43.20.B, K, R)
43.40.Cw Vibrations of strings, rods, and beams
43.40.Dx Vibrations of membranes and plates
43.40.Ey Vibrations of shells
43.40.Ga Nonlinear vibration
43.40.Hb Random vibration
43.40.Jc Shock and shock reduction and absorption; velocity of shock waves
(see also 43.25.C, 43.28.M, and 43.30.Q)
43.40.Kd Impact and impact reduction, mechanical transients
43.40.Le Techniques for nondestructive evaluation and monitoring, acoustic
emission
(see also 43.35.Z)
43.40.Ng Effects of vibration and shock on biological systems, including
man
(see also 43.35.W, 43.50.Q, and 43.80)
43.40.Ph Seismology and geophysical prospecting; seismographs
43.40.Qi Effect of sound on structures, fatigue; spatial statistics of
structural vibration
43.40.Rj Radiation from vibrating structures into fluid media
43.40.Sk Mechanical filters
(see also 43.58.K)
43.40.Tm Vibration isolators, attenuators, and dampers
(see also 43.55.V)
43.40.Vn Active vibration control
43.40.Yq Instrumentation and techniques for tests and measurement relating
to shock and vibration, including vibration pickups, indicators,
and generators, mechanical impedance
43.50.-x Noise: its effects and control
43.50.Ba Noisiness: rating methods and criteria
43.50.Cb Noise spectra, determination of sound power
43.50.Ed Noise generation
(see also 43.28.R)
43.50.Fe Noise masking systems
43.50.Gf Noise control at source: redesign, application of absorptive
materials and reactive elements, mufflers, noise silencers, noise
barriers, and attenuators, etc.
(see also 43.55.D)
43.50.Hg Noise control at the ear
(see also 43.66.V)
43.50.Jh Noise in buildings and general machinery noise
(see also 43.55.E, F, R)
43.50.Ki Active noise control
43.50.Lj Transportation noise sources: air, road, rail, and marine
vehicles
43.50.Nm Aerodynamic and jet noise
(see also 43.28.R)
43.50.Pn Impulse noise and noise due to impact
(see also 43.40.K)
43.50.Qp Effects of noise on man and society, environmental noise
(see also 43.66.E, and 43.80.N)
43.50.Sr Community noise, noise zoning, by-laws, and legislation
43.50.Vt Topographical and meteorological factors in noise propagation
43.50.Yw Instrumentation and techniques for noise measurement and analysis
(see also 43.58)
43.55.-n Architectural acoustics
43.55.Br Room acoustics: theory and experiment; reverberation, normal
modes, diffusion, transient and steady-state response
(see also 43.20.F, K)
43.55.Cs Stationary response of rooms to noise; spatial statistics of room
response; random testing
43.55.Dt Sound absorption in enclosures: theory and measurement; use of
absorption in offices, commercial and domestic spaces
(see also 43.50.J)
43.55.Ev Sound absorption properties of materials: theory and measurement
of sound absorption coefficients; acoustic impedance and
admittance
43.55.Fw Auditorium and enclosure design
(see also 43.50.G, J)
43.55.Gx Studies of existing auditoria and enclosures
43.55.Hy Subjective effects in room acoustics, speech in rooms
43.55.Jz Sound-reinforcement systems for rooms and enclosures
(see also 43.38.T)
43.55.Ka Computer simulation of acoustics in enclosures, modeling
(see also 43.58.T)
43.55.Lb Electrical simulation of reverberation
43.55.Mc Room acoustics measuring instruments, computer measurement of
room properties
(see also 43.58.F)
43.55.Nd Reverberation room design: theory, applications to measurements
of sound absorption, transmission loss, sound power
43.55.Pe Anechoic chamber design, wedges
43.55.Rg Sound transmission through walls and through ducts: theory and
measurement
43.55.Ti Sound-isolating structures, values of transmission coefficients
(see also 43.50.J)
43.55.Vj Vibration-isolating supports in building acoustics
(see also 43.40.T; in PACS, see 07.10.F)
43.55.Wk Damping of panels
43.58.-e Acoustical measurements and instrumentation
(see also specific sections for specialized instrumentation)
43.58.Bh Acoustic impedance measurement
(see also 43.30.J, 43.20.R, and 43.40.Y)
43.58.Dj Sound velocity
43.58.Fm Sound level meters, level recorders, sound pressure, particle
velocity, and sound intensity measurements, meters, and
controllers
(see also 43.55.M)
43.58.Gn Acoustic impulse analyzers and measurements
43.58.Hp Tuning forks, frequency standards; frequency measuring and
recording instruments; time standards and chronographs
43.58.Jq Wave and tone synthesizers
43.58.Kr Spectrum and frequency analyzers and filters; acoustical and
electrical oscillographs; photoacoustic spectrometers; acoustical
delay lines and resonators
(see also 43.40.S)
43.58.Ls Acoustical lenses and microscopes
(see also 43.35.S)
43.58.Mt Phase meters
43.58.Pw Rayleigh disks
(see also 43.25.Q)
43.58.Ry Distortion: frequency, nonlinear, phase, and transient;
measurement of distortion
43.58.Ta Computers and computer programs in acoustics
(see also 43.75.W, 43.55.K, 43.60.G, and 43.70.J)
43.58.Vb Calibration of acoustical devices and systems
43.58.Wc Electrical and mechanical oscillators
43.60.-c Acoustic signal processing
43.60.Bf Acoustic signal detection for system control
43.60.Cg Statistical properties of signals and noise
43.60.Dh Acoustical system communication, telemetry
43.60.Gk Space-time signal processing, matched field processing
(see also 43.35.S, 43.30.W)
43.60.Lq Displays, pattern recognition, learning machines, adaptive
processing
43.60.Pt Acoustical inverse problems
43.60.Qv Instrumentation and measurement methods
(see also 43.58)
43.60.Rw Remote sensing methods, acoustic tomography
43.60.Sx Acoustical holography processing
43.64.-q Physiological acoustics
43.64.Bt Models and theories of the auditory system
43.64.Dw Anatomy of the cochlea and auditory nerve
43.64.Fy Anatomy of the auditory central nervous system
43.64.Gz Biochemistry and pharmacology of the auditory system
43.64.Ha Acoustical properties of the outer ear; middle-ear mechanics and
reflex
43.64.Jb Otoacoustic emission
43.64.Kc Cochlear mechanics
43.64.Ld Physiology of hair cells
43.64.Me Effects of electrical stimulation, cochlear implant
43.64.Nf Cochlear electrophysiology
43.64.Pg Electrophysiology of the auditory nerve
43.64.Qh Electrophysiology of the auditory central nervous system
43.64.Ri Evoked responses to sounds
43.64.Sj Neural responses to speech
43.64.Tk Physiology of sound generation and detection by animals
43.64.Vm Physiology of the somatosensory system
43.64.Wn Effects of noise and trauma on the auditory system
43.64.Yp Instruments and methods
(see also 43.58)
43.66.-x Psychological acoustics
43.66.Ba Models and theories of auditory processes
43.66.Cb Loudness, absolute threshold
43.66.Dc Masking
43.66.Ed Auditory fatigue, temporary threshold shift
43.66.Fe Discrimination: intensity and frequency
43.66.Gf Detection and discrimination of sound by animals
43.66.Hg Pitch
43.66.Jh Timbre
43.66.Ki Subjective tones
43.66.Lj Perceptual effects of sound
(see also 43.71)
43.66.Mk Temporal and sequential aspects of hearing
43.66.Nm Phase effects
43.66.Pn Binaural hearing
43.66.Qp Localization of sound sources
43.66.Rq Dichotic listening
43.66.Sr Deafness, audiometry, aging effects
43.66.Ts Auditory prostheses, hearing aids
43.66.Vt Hearing protection
(see also 43.50.H)
43.66.Wv Vibration and tactile senses
43.66.Yw Instruments and methods related to hearing and its measurement
(see also 43.58)
43.70.-h Speech production
43.70.Aj Anatomy and physiology of the vocal tract, larynx function,
speech aerodynamics, articulatory kinematics, artificial larynx
43.70.Bk Models and theories of speech production
43.70.Dn Abnormal speech; speech training
43.70.Ep Development of speech production in the young
43.70.Fq Acoustical correlates of phonetic segments and suprasegmental
properties: stress, timing, and intonation
43.70.Gr Voice and talker characteristics
43.70.Hs Phonetics
43.70.Jt Instrumentation for speech production research; use of computers
in speech production studies
(see also 43.58.T)
43.70.Kv Language and cross-language feature analysis
43.70.Lw Language acquisition
43.71.-k Speech perception
43.71.An Models and theories of speech perception
(see also 43.66.B)
43.71.Bp Perception of voice and talker characteristics
43.71.Cq Representation of speech in the peripheral auditory system
43.71.Es Vowel and consonant perception; perception of words, sentences,
and fluent speech
(see also 43.66.L)
43.71.Ft Development of speech perception in the young
43.71.Gv Measures of speech perception (intelligibility and quality)
43.71.Hw Language and cross-language feature perception
43.71.Ky Speech perception by the hearing impaired
(see also 43.66.T)
43.71.Lz Speech perception by the aging
43.71.Ma Visual and tactile speech perception
43.71.Pc Central neural mechanisms in speech perception
43.72.-p Speech processing and communication systems
43.72.Ar Speech analysis and analysis techniques; parametric
representation of speech
43.72.Bs Neural networks for speech recognition
43.72.Ct Acoustical methods for determining vocal tract shapes
43.72.Dv Speech-noise interaction
43.72.Ew Speech enhancement techniques
43.72.Fx Talker identification and adaptation algorithms
43.72.Gy Narrow, medium, and wideband speech coding
43.72.Ja Speech synthesis and synthesis techniques
43.72.Kb Speech communication systems and speech performance
(see also 43.38.S)
43.72.Lc Temporal alignment procedures for speech
43.72.Md Frequency alignment procedures for speech
43.72.Ne Automatic speech recognition systems
43.72.Pf Automatic talker recognition systems
43.75.-z Music and musical instruments
43.75.Bc Intonation, vibrato, musical scales, and musical composition
43.75.Cd Music perception and cognition
43.75.De Bowed stringed instruments
43.75.Ef Woodwinds
43.75.Fg Brass wind instruments (lip vibrated)
43.75.Gh Plucked stringed instruments
43.75.Hi Drums and other membranophonic instruments
43.75.Kk Bells, xylophones, and other instruments having rigid vibrators
43.75.Mn Pianos and other keyboard stringed instruments
43.75.Np Pipe organs
43.75.Pq Reed organs, accordions, and harmonicas
43.75.Rs Singing
43.75.St Musical performance analysis and training
43.75.Tv Electrical musical instruments
43.75.Wx Electronic music, computer music
(see also 43.58.T)
43.75.Yy Instrumentation and techniques for measurements
(see also 43.58)
43.80.-n Bioacoustics
43.80.Cs Acoustical characteristics of biological media: molecular
species, cellular level tissues
43.80.Ev Acoustical measurement methods in biological systems and media
43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems:
physical processes, sites of action
(in PACS, see also 87.51)
43.80.Jz Use of acoustic energy (with or without other forms) in studies
of structure and function of biological systems
(in PACS, see also 87.51)
43.80.Ka Sound production by animals: mechanisms, characteristics,
populations, biosonar
(see also 43.30.N and 43.64.T)
43.80.Lb Sound reception by animals: anatomy, physiology, auditory
capacities, processing
(see also 43.64.T, 43.66.G)
43.80.Nd Effects of noise on animals and associated behavior, protective
mechanisms
(see also 43.50.Q, 43.64.T)
43.80.Pe Agroacoustics
43.80.Qf Medical diagnosis with acoustics
(in PACS, see also 87.59.M)
43.80.Sh Medical use of ultrasonics for tissue modification (permanent and
temporary)
(in PACS, see also 87.56)
43.80.Vj Acoustical medical instrumentation and measurement techniques
(see also 43.66.T and 43.58)