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Chronic Pain

Photobiologists Shine Light on Chronic-Pain Patients

April 1, 2004

In a new technique, near-infrared light shines on chronic pain regions such as the shoulder or back. In this wavelength range penetrates approximately three inches into tissue. The light appears to reduce inflammation and to stimulate healing.

What is infrared light?

Science behind the news is funded by a generous grant from the NSF

Infrared radiation is an invisible form of light that we usually detect as heat, like the sun shining on our face, or the warmth of a campfire. It has all the same properties as visible light: for example, it can be focused and reflected. The only difference is that it has a longer wavelength, which means we can't see it with the naked eye. Light is made of tiny particles called photons, and the wavelength tells us how fast those particles are vibrating. The shorter the wavelength, the faster the particles are moving. Shorter light waves look blue, and longer ones look red. The wavelength of infrared light is so long that we can't see it at all.

Infrared light is increasingly being used as a form of therapy for everything from arthritis pain and skin abrasions, to varicose veins and cellulite reduction. This is because it can activate enzymes in the human body, which then trigger other responses. For example, infrared lasers can stimulate the production of collagen, a protein used to repair and replace damaged tissue. It can also help the body form new capillaries, speeding up the healing process by carrying more nutrient-rich oxygen to damaged areas. While we feel infrared light as "heat" on the skin, most infrared lasers used in treatment are considered "cold": they are powerful enough to cause changes in cells, but not enough to cause tissue damage.

Any warm object gives off infrared radiation -- including the human body. Special heat-sensitive scanners can detect differences in heat, code them by color, and map them out in an image showing the hottest spots. Engineers use them to find heat leaks in buildings, doctors can find hidden tumors in the body, and biologists can locate diseased plants in a forest. Astronomers use infrared imaging to detect warm dust around new stars that are not yet "hot" enough to emit visible light.


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Did you know?...

  • British astronomer William Herschel discovered infrared light in 1800.
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More information on this story

Martha J. Heil
mheil@aip.org
American Institute of Physics
Tel: 301-209-3088


© 2011 American Institute of Physics